GROUND WATER ENERGY SYSTEM
Ground Water Energy Systems (Open Loop) have been utilizing the earth's natural heat source/heat sink ability for over 40 years. Ground Water Energy Systems draw water from an aquifer via a supply well, pass through the Geothermal heat pump's heat exchanger where heat is either absorbed or rejected, then returned to the aquifer via a return well. Ground water temperatures remain very constant (usually within a degree) though out the year despite wide variations in outside air temperature. Ground Water Energy Systems are ideally suited for homes that have existing water wells available.

VERTICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS
Vertical Energy Systems (Closed Loop) utilize the natural thermal properties of the earth in a similar manor to the Ground Water Energy Systems. However instead of pumping water out of a well then back into the ground, you simply circulate water or an antifreeze solution through a closed loop network of plastic pipe that is inserted into vertical wells. These vertical wells are drilled to a depth of 100 to 300 feet per ton of air conditioning. The Vertical Energy System is ideally suited for applications when available land area is limited.

HORIZONTAL ENERGY SYSTEMS
Horizontal Energy Systems (Closed Loop) also utilize the Earth's plentiful and renewable thermal characteristics. Like the Vertical Energy systems, Horizontal Energy Systems circulate water or an antifreeze solution through a closed loop network of sealed and pressurized plastic pipe that is buried in the ground. Instead of inserting the plastic pipe into vertical wells the pipe is laid into horizontal trenches that are trenched at a typical depth of 4 to 6 feet and to a length of 75 to 400 feet per ton of air conditioning. Recent innovations in horizontal pipe configurations has made this system particularly attractive in first cost as well as operating efficiency. Typically a little more land area is required to install a Horizontal Energy System.